What is head loss?

Head loss is the decrease in pressure that occurs as a fluid flows through a pipe or other system. It is primarily caused by friction between the fluid and the walls of the pipe, as well as any obstructions or changes in direction within the system.

Head loss is an important factor to consider when designing and operating fluid systems, as it can impact the efficiency and performance of the system. It is typically measured in units of length, such as feet or meters, and is often expressed as head loss per unit length of pipe.

There are several factors that can affect head loss, including the velocity of the fluid, the size and roughness of the pipe, the length and configuration of the pipe, and the viscosity of the fluid. Head loss can be calculated using various equations and formulas, depending on the specific characteristics of the system.

Minimizing head loss is important to ensure that the system operates efficiently and effectively. This can be achieved through careful design and sizing of pipes, reducing obstructions and turns in the system, and using smooth materials to reduce friction. Proper maintenance and regular cleaning of the system can also help to reduce head loss over time.